Historiated initials were reduced in size, but illustrations, known as bas de page, were included at the bottom of text pages. Illustrations were sometimes combined with borders, and marginal sketches and grotesques (now known as drolleries) were reintroduced. Generally there was less text on page, with blank spaces in lines of text being filled with decorative bars. During the Gothic period books became smaller and more delicate, with increased integration between illustrations and text. The rise of universities and cathedral schools led to an increased demand for books of all kinds. The Gothic style dates from around 1150AD and, like the Romanesque, was an international style. One well-known example of a Romanesque manuscript is the Winchester Bible (c.1150-1200AD) EX. These initials, which were more common than full-page illustrations, could sometimes extend the length of the page. These initials, found at the commencement of a chapter, combined the initial of the opening word with foliage, figures or pictures illustrating a portion of the text. Romanesque manuscripts feature grotesques (a variety of real and imaginary creatures), textured or gold backgrounds, and historiated initials. An increase in monasticism meant that many books were produced for public use, leading to the production of larger sized books. During this period a wider variety of books was produced, including large Bibles and commentaries, lives of Saints, theological works, missals and Psalters as well as Gospels.
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